• Introduction Cancer which is responsible

  2023-03-14

  

  Introduction Cancer, which is responsible for a million deaths each year, is universally feared, and approximately 50% of newly diagnosed cases can be cured [1]. The existing cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or a combination of them, are quickly losing efficacy. The

• Acl converts cytosolic citrate CoA and ATP into acetyl CoA

  2023-03-13

  

  Acl converts cytosolic citrate, CoA and ATP into acetyl-CoA, ADP+Pi and oxaloacetate (Fig. 1). This cytosolic enzyme is present in few Prokaryotes and in all Eukaryotes, but not in non-oleaginous yeasts [14]. Thus, this enzyme was presumed to be essential for FA synthesis [1], [13], [15]. In most mi

• ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA

  2023-03-13

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• The analysis of the profile of

  2023-03-13

  

  The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation in MMS-treated Fmoc-Arg(Pbf)-OH confirmed that both the ATM and ATR pathways were activated in S-phase blocked cells. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Chk1 was observed 24h after MMS-treatment both in AT- and ATM-inhibited cells, whilst in the

• NOS is classified into three isoforms endothelial eNOS neuro

  2023-03-13

  

  NOS is classified into three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), iNOS is expressed in macrophages (Eisenstein, Huang, Meissler Jr, & al-Ramadi, 1994) and osteoblast-like cells (Riancho et al., 1995) and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions (Eisenst

• br Summary br Introduction With readily synthetic

  2023-03-11

  

  Summary Introduction With readily synthetic methods and excellent chemical/physical characteristics, coumarins have received extensive attention and show great practical values in many fields, such as medicine discovery, dye chemistry, materials chemistry and so on [[1], [2], [3]]. Actually, o

• Of the infants in the study there were twin

  2023-03-11

  

  Of the 580 infants in the study, there were 106 twin deliveries and 10 triplet deliveries. There was no difference in prenatal antibiotic exposure between multiple and singleton births. Nevertheless, analysis of maternal antibiotic use was based on the 309 individual mothers who were provided Melato

• Expression of Twist and the AR are

  2023-03-11

  

  Expression of Twist1 and the AR are increased by oxidative stress, but the change in the receptor (mRNA/protein) is lost after treatment with siRNAs that target Twist 1 (Shiota et al., 2010). Twist 1 was found to bind to E-boxes, 5′-CANNTG-3′, in the proximal promoter (−442 to +51 bp) and upstream r

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed

  2023-03-11

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting SC-9 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK activi

• br Introduction The development and plasticity of

  2023-03-11

  

  Introduction The development and plasticity of synapses involve the timely recruitment of a plethora of proteins on both pre- and postsynaptic sides through ill-defined mechanisms. At excitatory synapses, two of the major proteins that are dynamically recruited postsynaptically are the Ca2+/calmo

• Our conclusion was confirmed by two experiments The

  2023-03-11

  

  Our conclusion was confirmed by two experiments. The addition of aminopeptidase-specific inhibitors at high concentrations allowed us to exclude the possibility of substrate hydrolysis by other proteases present in the samples, for example, endoproteases. After the application of inhibitors, we were

• Some members from the AAAP family namely the

  2023-03-11

  

  Some members from the AAAP family, namely the AUX1 and the LAX proteins, transport auxin instead of amino acids [48]. While there is some structural relationship between IAA and Trp, the substrate recognition characteristics seem different for these proteins: the auxins do not have any amino group o

• Various compounds have been designed to inhibit aldose reduc

  2023-03-11

  

  Various compounds have been designed to inhibit aldose reductase (AR) [12]. These compounds can be classified into two main categories, the first category comprises those containing a carboxylic moclobemide receptor moiety, for example, 3-thiazolidineacetic acid derivative, which has been reported

• br Materials and methods br

  2023-03-11

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Wound healing of the human cornea is a complex process that requires cell migration and proliferation. Corneal wound healing is characterized by major changes in the composition of the ECM such as a massive transitory secretion of fibronectin combine

• Macrophage polarization is linked to activation

  2023-03-11

  

  Macrophage polarization is linked to activation of the ligand-dependent transcription factor PPARγ. Recently, Odegaard et al. demonstrated with a macrophage-specific deletion of PPARγ in mice that alternative macrophage activation is impaired [14]. We provided evidence that contact to apoptotic Tara

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